Soláthraithe

German company (Aleph Alpha GmbH, Heidelberg) subject to EU and German law; it markets "sovereign" on-premise deployments to European public-sector and industrial customers.

EU-funded research consortium led from Instituto Superior Técnico in Lisbon; the partners are European universities and companies, and the work is funded by the European Union rather than by a single commercial parent.

LLM EU is a private company, not an EU body, agency or institution. It publishes a catalogue, routes inference under policy, and intends to host first-party models on European infrastructure. Nothing in this catalogue implies an official status or an assessment by a public authority.

French company (Mistral AI, Paris), so the controller is bound by EU law and by the French implementation of the GDPR.

Consortium of European universities, HPC centres and companies, funded by the EU Digital Europe Programme under grant agreement 101195233; there is no single commercial parent company.

German research consortium (Fraunhofer, Forschungszentrum Jülich, TU Dresden, DFKI) funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action, so the work falls under German and EU law.

Chinese company (Beijing), founded by Kai-Fu Lee. The Yi weights are published under Apache-2.0.

Chinese company subject to Chinese law, including data and security regulations that apply to the parent group; the checkpoints listed in this catalogue are published under Apache-2.0.

US non-profit research institute in Seattle, Washington. OLMo weights, training code and data are released under Apache-2.0, which makes the release unusually auditable for a self-hosting operator.

Chinese company (Beijing). The ERNIE 4.5 open weights are published under Apache-2.0; Baidu is not the controller of a self-hosted deployment in the EU.

The BigScience workshop was coordinated by Hugging Face (US company) with hundreds of volunteer researchers; the BLOOM weights were trained on the French Jean Zay supercomputer. The Responsible AI Licence is a custom licence with use restrictions, not an OSI licence.

Canadian company subject to Canadian law; the open Command and Aya checkpoints use CC-BY-NC-4.0, which excludes commercial serving, while the newer Command A+ release is Apache-2.0.

Chinese company (Hangzhou) subject to Chinese law; its published weights use the MIT licence, but the hosted API and the company itself are outside EU jurisdiction.

US research collective. The Pythia and GPT-Neo/X weights are published under Apache-2.0 and MIT respectively; EleutherAI is a research group, not a commercial vendor with a support contract.

US parent company subject to US law; Gemma weights ship under Google’s own Gemma terms rather than an OSI licence, and the Gemma 4 generation is published under Apache-2.0.

US company (IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York). The Granite weights are published under Apache-2.0, so a European operator runs them under its own responsibility; IBM is not the controller of a self-hosted deployment.

US company subject to US law; the Llama community licences are governed by California law and add use restrictions, and Meta platforms outside the EEA are the contracting entity for licensees outside the EEA and Switzerland.

US company subject to US law; the Phi models are released under MIT, while Microsoft’s EU data-boundary commitments apply to its cloud services, not to the self-hosted weights.

Chinese company (Shanghai). The MiniMax model licence is a custom agreement, not an OSI licence; it permits commercial use subject to its own use restrictions.

Chinese company (Beijing). Kimi weights are published under a modified MIT licence that adds an attribution requirement to the user interface for larger deployments.

US company subject to US law; the Nemotron weights carry the NVIDIA Nemotron Open Model License, a vendor licence rather than an OSI-approved one.

US company subject to US law; only some models are published as open weights, and those carry the Apache-2.0 or MIT licence independent of OpenAI’s own terms of use.

A US broker that routes to many model providers. Not an EU operator and not an EU region.

US company (San Francisco). BLIP-2 weights are MIT-licensed; the InstructBLIP Vicuna variant inherits a non-commercial base model and is carded as such.

Chinese state-backed research laboratory in Shanghai. InternLM weights carry custom licence terms with attribution requirements rather than a plain OSI licence.

UK company (London). The United Kingdom is a third country for EU data-protection purposes, and the StableLM community licence is a custom licence with a revenue threshold rather than an OSI licence.

Abu Dhabi government research institute in the United Arab Emirates. The Falcon and Falcon-H1 licences are custom terms rather than an OSI licence, and the acceptable-use policy travels with the weights.

Chinese company (Shenzhen). The Tencent Hunyuan community licences are territory-limited: their terms exclude the European Union, the United Kingdom and South Korea, which is why a European operator cannot rely on them.

Chinese company subject to Chinese law; the GLM weights have moved between MIT and bespoke Z.ai licences, so each checkpoint has to be checked individually before commercial serving.